As of 2020, the international community is committed to providing a total of USD 100bn annually to support the implementation of the national climate plans of emerging and developing countries. 

The SNAPFI project – Strengthening National Climate Policy Implementation: Comparative Empirical Learning & Creating Linkages to Climate Finance – explores how transformative change can be enabled by international climate finance through domestic policies in developing countries.

The project spans 4 developing countries, Brazil, India, Indonesia and South Africa, alongside the EU, to support ambition raising in countries nationally determined contributions (NDCs) with a focus on unlocking climate finance. Each country partner is working to inform their national policy-makers with science-based policy advice on the effectiveness of a range of financial instruments, building capacity and aligning climate finance to enable effective national climate policy. 

Partners in each country have identified ‘change agents’, key stakeholders with the capacity to use the research to enact change, who are embedded throughout the research. They are from ministries, politics and the financial sector whose work creates conditions who enable the achievement of the long-term objectives.

Each year, 5 national studies and a cross-country study are produced designed to inform decision making and the policy process. They aim to contribute to the following long-term impacts: 

• National decision-makers are better able to utilize robust evidence when designing policies and corresponding finance instruments to support the implementation of NDCs. 
• Decision-makers at national and international finance institutes are supported to design and implement instruments to strengthen NDC implementation. 
• Countries beyond the direct project scope benefit from positive examples of climate finance support for NDC implementation.

2022

• International Study on the Global Stocktake
• Brazil: Cabotage Navigation in Brazil. An Analysis of the Legislative Process of Statute No. 14,301/2022 (“BR do Mar”) Using Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework
• India: Financing the Low-Carbon Transition in India’s MSME sector
• EU: Steel Decarbonization in Emerging Economies: What Case for International Climate Finance and Support?
• South Africa: Finance for Adaptation at the Level of Local Government in South Africa
• Indonesia I: Enabling Conditions and Advantages of Synergy between Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation to Stimulate Implementation of NDC
• Indonesia II: Enhancing the Private Sector’s Roles in Climate-Energy Policies Towards the Indonesian NDC Target

2021

• Synthesis report: Exploring emerging norms of climate neutrality: implications for international climate cooperation and finance
• International: International Climate Finance and support to national climate policy processes in emerging markets
• South Africa: Policy approaches to guide finance flows for more effective climate action in South Africa
• India: Mobilizing the private sector for developing resilient infrastructure in India
• Brazil: Drivers of and barriers to capital market investments in low-carbon infrastructure in Brazil
• Indonesia: Towards climate governance model for the Indonesian energy sector: mapping on actor interaction
• EU: International dimensions of industry decarbonization: elements of international cooperation approaches

2020

• Synthesis report: The socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 and how to deploy international climate finance in the context of green stimulus packages
• International: Transformational change towards low-carbon development in emerging economies: insights from international climate finance cases
• South Africa: Climate finance to transform energy infrastructure as part of a just transition in South Africa
• India: Transitioning India’s steel and cement industries to low carbon pathways
• Brazil: Barriers to attracting direct and capital market investments for railway infrastructure in Brazil
• Indonesia: Strengthening the Indonesian climate governance in energy sector towards achieving the NDC target
• EU: Lessons learned for international climate policy from the programming, implementation, and monitoring of the European Structural and Investment Funds

This consortium is led by DIW Berlin, funded by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU). The country partner institutions include:

• Center for Sustainability Studies of Fundação Getulio Vargas (Brazil),
• Energy and Resources Institute (India) in cooperation with Indian Institute of Technology Delhi,
• Climate Change Center, Bandung Institute of Technology (Indonesia)
• University of Cape Town (South Africa)